Elizabeth Higgs has a very disturbing article today on The Rock chronicling the very real possibility that the army is covering up the brutal 2005 rape and murder of Private LaVena Lynn Johnson.
According to the U.S. Department of Defense, Private LaVena Lynn Johnson killed herself on July 19, 2005, eight days before her twentieth birthday. Exactly how did she end her life? She punched herself in the face hard enough to blacken her eyes, break her nose, and knock her front teeth loose. She douched with an acid solution after mutilating her genital area. She poured a combustible liquid on herself and set it afire. She then shot herself in the head. Despite this massive self-inflicted trauma, she somehow managed to drag her then fully clothed body into the tent of a KBR contractor, leaving a trail of blood along the way and set the tent ablaze in a failed attempt to cover up her crimes against herself.
This obviously wouldn't be the first time the military has attempted to cover up the death of a soldier, and with steady reporting indicating that sexual assaults against female soldiers have been on the rise, it shouldn't be too much of a stretch to conclude that the army would take advantage of an opportunity to play fast and loose with the facts when one of its own is, sadly, unable to give her account of the story.
I agree with Higgs's assumption that military brass has "no real interest in stopping sexual assaults," for if it did, "LaVena Johnson's rape and murder would be included in their statistics."
However, I think the author inadvertantly misrepresents some facts when she writes, "one third of the women who serve in the military are victims of sexual assault by a fellow soldier."
If true, this would be a staggering percentage, but from everything I've read on the topic I am only able to conclude that one-third of women in the military have reported sexual harassment. Certainly this is nothing to write home about, but harassment isn't the same as assault. Unfair though it may be, when a well-built woman walks into a mess hall in fatigues and a t-shirt amongst a couple hundred guys who've been separated from their wives and girlfriends for months on end, she's bound to get a few stares and whistles. It may be impolite and regrettable, but it's often largely innocent.
That said, I don't bring this up in order to be critical of Higgs's important op-ed; I raise the point in order to emphasize the severity of assault in contrast to harassment. You can barely give a woman a sincere compliment these days without being branded a sexual deviant if she decides to misconstrue the incident. Of course, complaints of legitimate harassment should be taken seriously by the military, but assault is another game entirely. It involves intentional, often premeditated physical/emotional abuse and is a violation of one's right to his or her person.
Rape and murder are monstrous acts, but covering up such incidents at the highest levels of government in order to save face, all the while failing to hold the perpetrators accountable for their crimes, might just be equally sinister.
I join Elizabeth Higgs in urging everyone reading this to call his or her congressional representatives today to demand a proper investigation into LaVena Johnson's death. The U.S. Capitol switchboard is 202-224-3121.
UPDATE (8/5): Elizabeth Higgs, author of the article I cited in this post about the rape and murder of LaVena Johnson, has written me to contest my assumption that she may have been incorrect in misstating that 1/3 of women in the military are victims of sexual assault. She writes:
The Veteran's Administration has done several studies on this and the numbers range from 28% to 41% of women reporting sexual assault while in military service. The rate of sexual harassment has been estimated by the governments own studies as high as 78%. (I have read anecdotal accounts by young female soldiers who say there isn't one woman in ten in the military that hasn't been sexually harassed.)
The DoD even has a name for this epidemic: Military Sexual Trauma.
One of the reasons the military is able to get away with sweeping this stuff under the rug is BECAUSE the public is totally unaware of the size of this problem.
As I explained to Ms. Higgs, my prevailing intention in linking her article was to do my part in advertising this egregious assault and likely cover-up to as many of my own readers as possible. However, I simply haven't seen the 1/3 statistic reported in relation to assaults, just harassment. Of course, that doesn't mean it isn't true. In fact, using Ms. Higgs's own argument that the military is able to sweep this stuff under the rug precisely because the public is unaware of the problem may be one good reason why I'm unaware of them and have had difficulty confirming her numbers.
From what I've been able to find, Military Medicine defines "Military Sexual Trauma" as a category of domestic violence, which "may include domestic violence, where one intimate partner or spouse exerts power over another as a means of control." This definition seems to indicate that this is a type of trauma that can occur both in the home and while in the military. Furthermore, this report by MSNBC finds that "14.6 percent of female and 0.6 percent of male OEF/OIF* veterans visiting the Department of Veterans reported military sexual trauma"; the asterisk references statistics from Operation Enduring Freedom/Operation Iraqi Freedom. It should be noted that this MSNBC report implies that increasing numbers of women are experiencing military sexual trauma-induced PTSD, and that this is a result of being sexually assaulted in the military only. So, perhaps Higgs's numbers are higher than mine because she happens to be referencing studies that include both military and domestic assaults. But that's just speculation on my part.
I've asked Ms. Higgs to send along some documentation to support her numbers, and I'll be sure to publish them as soon as I get them. In the meantime, please accept my apologies if I have indeed misrepresented these facts. I regret the error and intended no offense to the author. Regardless of the outcome here, it's undeniable that the military is in no uncertain terms shirking its responsibility to not only provide treatment for servicemen and women who are the victims of assaults, but also to do its very best to prevent them from occurring in the first place.
UPDATE II: Here is some new information from Ms. Higgs to support the statistics from her article regarding the percentage of women in the military who are sexually assaulted:
-Rep. Jane Harman introduced a bill recently to halt rape and sexual assault in the military, claiming in part: "Since 2002, 59,690 female veterans reported being raped, sexual assaulted, or experienced another form of military sexual trauma, constituting almost 20% of the women seen at VA facilities nationally, according to the Department of Veterans Affairs," and "... only 181 of the 2,212 (8%) reports investigated during FY 2007 were referred to courts martial -- a figure far below civilian prosecution rates, where 40% of those arrested are prosecuted."
-Here's a 2007 article from Salon chronicling the "private war" of female soldiers.
-This article from the Vietnam Veterans of America merely states, "Research data indicates that a significant number of reserve and guard members are victimized by sexual harassment and assault while deployed on active duty."
-One VA psychologist says that 15 percent of women during the first Gulf War were raped, and the interviewer points to a 2005 study of the National Guard and reservists claiming that 1 in 4 women is a victim of sexual assault.